Fluticasone: Drug Information
1. Drug Name
Generic Name
Fluticasone
Brand Name(s)
- Pakistan: BrandX
- India: BrandY
- US: BrandZ
- UK: BrandW
2. Pharmacological Class
Class
Corticosteroid
Subclass
Glucocorticoid
3. Mechanism of Action
Fluticasone exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting multiple types of inflammatory cells and mediators involved in allergic and non-allergic asthma.
4. Indications
Primary Indications
- Asthma
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Nasal Polyps
Off-label Uses
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Eczema
5. Dosage and Administration
Standard Dosage
The dosage of fluticasone can vary based on the condition being treated. Consult with a healthcare provider for specific dosing.
Route of Administration
Fluticasone is typically administered via inhalation (for asthma) or intranasal spray (for allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps).
Special Populations
- Pediatric: Dosing adjustments may be necessary.
- Geriatric: Use with caution due to increased risk of systemic effects.
6. Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Fluticasone has high oral bioavailability.
Distribution
It has a large volume of distribution.
Metabolism
Metabolized in the liver via the CYP3A4 enzyme system.
Excretion
Excreted mainly via feces.
Half-life
The elimination half-life is approximately 7 to 15 hours.
7. Contraindications
Fluticasone is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to fluticasone or any components of the formulation.
8. Warnings and Precautions
- Increased risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD.
- Systemic corticosteroid effects.
- Monitor for growth suppression in children using nasal spray.
9. Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Nasal irritation
- Headache
- Pharyngitis
Serious Side Effects
- Adrenal suppression
- Glaucoma
- Cataracts
10. Drug Interactions
Major Interactions
- Ketoconazole
- Ritonavir
Moderate Interactions
- Erythromycin
- Verapamil
Minor Interactions
- Rifampin
- Phenytoin
11. Pregnancy and Lactation
Pregnancy Category
Category C - Risk cannot be ruled out.
Breastfeeding Considerations
Use caution; fluticasone can pass into breast milk.
12. Patient Counseling Information
- Follow the prescribed dosing schedule.
- Use a spacer device with the inhaler if prescribed.
- Report any signs of infection or vision changes.